Anatase TiO2 nanotubes as photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells

To achieve higher power conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells, anatase TiO2 nanotubes anodized and transferred onto fluorine doped tin oxide glass. This technique is a promising candidate to improve the efficiency due to its outstanding properties, such as high light scattering effect, high surface-to-volume ratio, which result in enhancing light harvesting, minimum trapping sites, and low recombination rate. In this review, the structure, fabrication, and property of the TiO2 nanotube photoanode is compared with other photoanodes. In addition, the integration of a heterojunction and other advancements into the TiO2 nanotubes for getting better performance is also briefly discussed.