Schmallenberg virus-two years of experiences

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Virology
• Arthropod-borne Viruses
• Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

• A novel Orthobunyavirus, Schmallenberg virus (SBV), was identified in 2011 near the German/Dutch border.
• SBV belongs to the Simbu serogroup and is transmitted by insect vectors.
• The virus has since caused a significant epidemic in European livestock populations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of Schmallenberg virus.
• To discuss current knowledge regarding SBV diagnosis, epidemic spread, and impact.
• To explore potential strategies for preventing SBV infections in livestock.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of existing data on SBV.
• Epidemiological analysis of SBV spread and impact.
• Discussion of diagnostic methods and prevention strategies.

Main Results:

• SBV infection in adult ruminants typically results in mild, transient symptoms.
• Infection during critical pregnancy periods can lead to severe congenital malformations, stillbirths, or premature births.
• The virus has spread widely across Europe, affecting livestock health and productivity.

Conclusions:

• Schmallenberg virus poses a significant threat to European livestock, particularly due to its teratogenic effects.
• Effective diagnosis and prevention strategies are crucial for managing SBV outbreaks.
• Continued research is needed to fully understand SBV transmission dynamics and develop robust control measures.