Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Catenins01:23

Catenins

2.2K
Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the...
2.2K
Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

2.6K
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
2.6K
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

6.1K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
6.1K
Neurotransmitters01:31

Neurotransmitters

3.9K
Neurotransmitters are essential chemical messengers within the nervous system, facilitating the communication between neurons. These chemical messengers, varying in function and effect, are critical for sustaining various aspects of neurological health and emotional well-being.
3.9K
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

2.7K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
2.7K
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

51.6K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
51.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

STIMscope: centimeter-scale all-optical imaging and patterned optogenetic manipulation at single-cell resolution.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Rapid formation of non-spatial hippocampal representations consistent with behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity is modulated by entorhinal input.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Single-Nucleus Transcriptomics Reveals Cell Type-Specific Remodeling and Epilepsy-Associated Microglia.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

MiniFAST: a sensitive and fast miniaturized microscope for <i>in vivo</i> neural recording.

Neurophotonics·2026
Same author

Author Correction: Kilohertz volumetric imaging of in vivo dynamics using squeezed light field microscopy.

Nature methods·2025
Same author

Hippocampal sequences represent working memory and implicit timing.

Cell reports·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Anatomically Inspired Three-dimensional Micro-tissue Engineered Neural Networks for Nervous System Reconstruction, Modulation, and Modeling
10:45

Anatomically Inspired Three-dimensional Micro-tissue Engineered Neural Networks for Nervous System Reconstruction, Modulation, and Modeling

Published on: May 31, 2017

12.7K

PTEN: A master regulator of neuronal structure, function, and plasticity.

Pablo Garcia-Junco-Clemente1, Peyman Golshani2

  • 1Department of Neurobiology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles, CA USA.

Communicative & Integrative Biology
|April 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein regulates cell growth and brain development. Loss of PTEN function in the central nervous system leads to developmental disorders, highlighting its critical role.

Keywords:
LTPPTENautismcortexdevelopmentepilepsyhippocampusmTORplasticity

More Related Videos

Genetic Manipulation of Cerebellar Granule Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo to Study Neuronal Morphology and Migration
09:07

Genetic Manipulation of Cerebellar Granule Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo to Study Neuronal Morphology and Migration

Published on: March 17, 2014

13.1K
Use of Pre-Assembled Plastic Microfluidic Chips for Compartmentalizing Primary Murine Neurons
10:50

Use of Pre-Assembled Plastic Microfluidic Chips for Compartmentalizing Primary Murine Neurons

Published on: November 2, 2018

54.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Anatomically Inspired Three-dimensional Micro-tissue Engineered Neural Networks for Nervous System Reconstruction, Modulation, and Modeling
10:45

Anatomically Inspired Three-dimensional Micro-tissue Engineered Neural Networks for Nervous System Reconstruction, Modulation, and Modeling

Published on: May 31, 2017

12.7K
Genetic Manipulation of Cerebellar Granule Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo to Study Neuronal Morphology and Migration
09:07

Genetic Manipulation of Cerebellar Granule Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo to Study Neuronal Morphology and Migration

Published on: March 17, 2014

13.1K
Use of Pre-Assembled Plastic Microfluidic Chips for Compartmentalizing Primary Murine Neurons
10:50

Use of Pre-Assembled Plastic Microfluidic Chips for Compartmentalizing Primary Murine Neurons

Published on: November 2, 2018

54.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten) is a crucial dual phosphatase.
  • It dephosphorylates PIP3, inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway, which controls protein translation, cell proliferation, and growth.
  • Dysregulation of PTEN is linked to central nervous system disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms by which PTEN modulates the structure, function, and plasticity of cortical networks.
  • To understand the consequences of PTEN loss in the central nervous system.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies for PTEN-related disorders.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on understanding PTEN's role through its effects on cellular and network properties.
  • It analyzes the impact of PTEN inhibition on stem cell proliferation, neuronal growth, and synaptic maturation.
  • Findings are supported by observations in model animals and human genetic data.

Main Results:

  • PTEN inhibition in the central nervous system increases stem cell proliferation and neuronal growth (somatic, dendritic, axonal).
  • It accelerates spine maturation but diminishes synaptic plasticity and alters intrinsic excitability.
  • Inactivating PTEN mutations in humans are associated with autism, macrocephaly, mental retardation, and epilepsy.

Conclusions:

  • PTEN plays a vital role in regulating neuronal development, structure, and function in the central nervous system.
  • Loss of PTEN function leads to significant neurodevelopmental alterations and associated disorders.
  • Further research into PTEN mechanisms could lead to treatments for human conditions linked to PTEN mutations.