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The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

Published on: August 9, 2019

Integrating non-coding RNAs in JAK-STAT regulatory networks.

Steven Witte¹, Stefan A Muljo²

¹Integrative Immunobiology Unit; Laboratory of Immunology; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, MD USA ; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Genome Campus; Hinxton, UK.

|April 30, 2014

Summary

The JAK-STAT pathway, a key gene regulator, interacts with non-coding RNAs like microRNAs. These interactions offer new avenues for identifying cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Keywords:

cellular differentiation epigenetics gene expression program long non-coding RNA microRNA posttranscriptional regulation

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

The Janus kinase-Janus-STAT (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway is a well-understood system for analyzing gene regulatory networks.
Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, are increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the interplay between the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and non-coding RNAs within gene regulatory networks.
To investigate the potential of these interactions for identifying novel biomarkers and drug targets in human diseases, particularly cancer.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of existing research on JAK-STAT signaling and non-coding RNA functions.
Analysis of proposed mechanisms by which non-coding RNAs may influence or be influenced by the JAK-STAT pathway.

Main Results:

Non-coding RNAs can function as downstream effectors of the JAK-STAT pathway.
Non-coding RNAs can modulate JAK-STAT signaling by regulating the expression of pathway components.
Emerging evidence highlights these interactions in basic cell biology and diseases like cancer.

Conclusions:

The integration of non-coding RNA research into the study of the JAK-STAT pathway provides a deeper understanding of gene regulation.
Understanding these RNA-pathway interactions holds significant promise for the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for various diseases.