Histamine and leukotrienes release in bronchoalveolar fluid during plicatic acid-induced bronchoconstriction

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed before and 10 minutes after inhalation challenge with plicatic acid in five patients with red cedar asthma. There was a significant release of histamine and leukotriene E4 into the BAL fluid in all the patients after challenge. Inhalation challenge with methacholine in six patients with nonoccupational asthma and inhalation challenge with plicatic acid in two subjects without asthma did not result in the release of mediators in the BAL fluid. These studies provide direct evidence that plicatic acid-induced bronchoconstriction was accompanied by increased levels of histamine and leukotriene E4 release, whereas a nonimmunologic induction of bronchoconstriction did not induce such local mediator release. BAL may provide a useful means of studying the pathogenesis of occupational asthma caused by exposure to low-molecular-weight compounds.