Renal artery stenosis following renal percutaneous denervation

Renal denervation has been shown to be safe and effective in reducing blood pressure in treatment-resistant hypertensive patients. We describe a 65-year-old lady with essential hypertension who underwent renal denervation using the Vessix™ single shot multielectrode system. Twelve months later renal duplex scanning documented increased velocities in the left renal artery and repeat angiography confirmed the development of a new stenosis. Although renal denervation is a promising therapy, we advise caution as large randomized blinded studies with long-term follow-up are still ongoing.