Neural Substrates Associated with Weather-Induced Mood Variability: An Exploratory Study Using ASL Perfusion fMRI

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Environmental Psychology
• Psychiatry

Background:

• Daily weather fluctuations are linked to mood variations.
• The specific neural mechanisms underlying weather-related mood changes remain largely unknown.
• Understanding these connections is crucial for mental health research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the neural substrates of weather-induced mood variability.
• To identify brain regions associated with mood changes influenced by weather conditions.
• To explore the feasibility of using ASL perfusion fMRI in studying environmental effects on brain function.

Main Methods:

• A data-driven approach using mood ratings (N=464) under diverse weather conditions.
• Development of a statistical model linking mood to weather parameters.
• Analysis of resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) using ASL perfusion fMRI (N=42) correlated with a weather index.

Main Results:

• A mood-relevant weather index was calculated from mood ratings and weather data.
• Negative correlations were found between the weather index and resting CBF in the left insula-prefrontal cortex and left superior parietal lobe (corrected p<0.05).
• Improved weather conditions were associated with decreased CBF in these specific brain regions.

Conclusions:

• The study identifies the left insula-prefrontal cortex and left superior parietal lobe as key regions in weather-related mood variability.
• Findings suggest a link between natural environmental conditions and baseline human brain function.
• ASL perfusion fMRI is a viable technique for investigating the impact of the natural environment on brain activity.