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Risk factors for the development of essential hypertension in a Mongolian population of China: a case-control study

N Dalai1, H Cui2, M Yan2

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

Genetics and Molecular Research : GMR
|May 21, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Dietary habits and lifestyle choices significantly impact hypertension risk in the Mongolian population. Factors like high salt intake and low fruit consumption are key contributors, while genetics showed no significant association.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Hypertension prevalence is high in the Mongolian population, yet associated factors are understudied compared to the Chinese Han population.
  • Understanding specific risk factors in diverse ethnic groups is crucial for targeted public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the lifestyle, dietary, and genetic factors associated with essential hypertension in the Mongolian population.
  • To identify key modifiable risk factors for hypertension in this underrepresented ethnic group.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 194 hypertensive cases and 201 controls from Dongwu County, Mongolia.
  • Data collection included demographics, anthropometrics, biochemical parameters, diet, lifestyle, habits, and family history.
  • Analysis of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the kallikrein 1 (KLK1) gene.

Main Results:

  • Hypertensive individuals exhibited higher BMI, waistline, hipline, blood sugar, and lipid profiles (P<0.01).
  • Hypertensives reported lower intake of milk, vegetables, and fruits, alongside higher consumption of cigarettes, alcohol, and salt (P<0.05).
  • Reduced physical activity, lower proportion of manual laborers, and higher inheritance rank were observed in the hypertensive group (P<0.05). No significant genetic associations were found for KLK1 SNPs.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary habits and lifestyle factors, including high salt intake and low consumption of protective foods, are the primary drivers of essential hypertension in the Mongolian population.
  • Genetic factors related to the studied KLK1 gene polymorphisms do not appear to play a significant role.
  • Public health strategies should focus on modifying diet and lifestyle behaviors to mitigate hypertension risk in this population.

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