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Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome

Mary Beth Sutter1, Lawrence Leeman2, Andrew Hsi3

  • 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, 2400 Tucker North East, MSC09 5040, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America
|May 22, 2014
PubMed

Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome is common due to the current opioid addiction epidemic. Infants born to women covertly abusing prescription opioids may not be identified as at risk until withdrawal signs present. Buprenorphine is a newer treatment for maternal opioid addiction and appears to result in a milder withdrawal syndrome than methadone. Initial treatment is with nonpharmacological measures including decreasing stimuli, however pharmacological treatment is commonly required. Opioid monotherapy is preferred, with phenobarbital or clonidine uncommonly needed as adjunctive therapy. Rooming-in and breastfeeding may decease the severity of withdrawal. Limited evidence is available regarding long-term effects of perinatal opioid exposure.

Keywords:
BuprenorphineMethadoneNeonatal abstinence syndromeNeonatal opioid withdrawalPerinatal substance abuse

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