ANCA associated vasculitis and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a rare association

The aim of the present work is to discuss the report of a patient who had simultaneous diagnosis of two rare diseases, vasculitis related to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Both are diseases that may be multisystemic and thus cause diagnostic confusion. In this case, the patient had renal, pulmonary, hematological, and ocular symptoms, which could be secondary to vasculitis both as to leukemia. With the aid of imaging studies, pathological studies, immunohistochemistry and immunophenotyping, we conclude that it was a combination of the two diseases. There are other reports in literature of this association, however, with pANCA positive, this is the first report of chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with cANCA positive vasculitis.