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Brain MRI in Parkinson's disease

Frederick J A Meijer1, Bozena Goraj1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Nuclear medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Elite Edition)
|June 5, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Advanced MRI techniques show promise for diagnosing Parkinson's disease (PD) earlier than conventional methods. Further standardization and clinical studies are needed to confirm their diagnostic value for early-stage PD.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Conventional brain MRI has limited diagnostic specificity for Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • Current clinical practice primarily uses MRI to rule out other neurological conditions.
  • Higher magnetic field strengths may offer improved diagnostic markers for PD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques for Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • To assess the clinical relevance and diagnostic potential of advanced MRI in PD.
  • To explore the role of novel imaging techniques in understanding PD pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on conventional MRI sequences in PD.
  • Analysis of advanced MRI techniques including susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), diffusion (tensor) MRI, magnetization transfer imaging (MTI), and functional MRI (f-MRI).
  • Examination of studies applying these techniques to PD patient cohorts.

Main Results:

  • Conventional MRI shows limited specific abnormalities for PD, mainly used for differential diagnosis.
  • Advanced MRI techniques show potential for identifying early-stage PD markers, such as diffusional changes in the orbital-frontal region during the pre-motor phase.
  • These techniques aid in understanding pathophysiological changes and functional connectivity in PD.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced MRI techniques hold promise for detecting early-stage PD but require further validation.
  • Standardization of protocols, post-processing, and diagnostic criteria are essential for clinical adoption.
  • Well-designed prospective cohort studies are necessary to establish the diagnostic utility of advanced MRI in PD.

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