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In designing and analyzing filters, resonant circuits, or circuit analysis at large, working with standard element values like 1 ohm, 1 henry, or 1 farad can be convenient before scaling these values to more realistic figures. This approach is widely utilized by not employing realistic element values in numerous examples and problems; it simplifies mastering circuit analysis through convenient component values. The complexity of calculations is thereby reduced, with the understanding that...
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Stone masonry is a construction technique that uses individual stones to build structures and can be categorized into two main types: rubble and ashlar. Rubble masonry uses uneven, naturally shaped stones such as river rocks or fragments from quarries. This method often requires the mason to select and possibly shape each stone to fit the designated space, ensuring a proper build, even with irregular stone sizes and shapes. Ashlar masonry, on the other hand, employs uniformly cut stones that...
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[Implementation of a scale on stone baskets].

J Cordes1, F Nguyen1, W Pinkowski2

  • 1Klinik für Urologie, UKSH Campus Lübeck.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel scale on modified stone retrieval baskets allows surgeons to intraoperatively estimate kidney and ureter stone size, improving prognostic accuracy and aiding treatment decisions.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Endourology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Endoscopic kidney and ureter stone retrieval complications are linked to stone size and surgeon experience.
  • Accurate intraoperative stone size estimation is challenging due to visual perception factors.
  • A reliable method for size assessment is needed to improve prognostic accuracy, especially for less experienced surgeons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an intraoperative semi-quantitative measurement tool for kidney and ureter stone size.
  • To provide surgeons with a more objective method for estimating stone dimensions during endourological procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Modified tipped nitinol stone baskets (2.5, 3.0, 4 Ch) with a spring-loaded handle were used.
  • A non-linear scale in millimeters was integrated onto the handle for measurement.
  • Standardized balls or screws were used to calibrate the scale on the basket.

Main Results:

  • The integrated scale provides a semi-quantitative measurement of stone size.
  • Non-linear scales account for the relationship between stone diameter and slider distance.
  • Scales vary between basket sizes due to differences in materials and spring mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scale offers surgeons an important orientation for estimating stone sizes during endourological procedures.
  • This tool can aid in documenting fragment size after lithotripsy and guide extraction decisions.
  • Further clinical validation is recommended, with potential applications in other disciplines like gastroenterology.