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Dislocated double-layer metal gratings: an efficient unidirectional coupler.

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  • 1State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China.

Nano Letters
|June 14, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a dislocated double-layer metal grating that unidirectionally couples light into surface plasmon polaritons. This efficient coupler is suitable for nanophotonic circuits and can be fabricated cost-effectively.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasmonics
  • Nanophotonics
  • Optics

Background:

  • Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are crucial for nanophotonic circuits.
  • Efficiently coupling free-space light to SPPs, especially unidirectionally, remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a novel dislocated double-layer metal grating structure.
  • To achieve unidirectional coupling of surface plasmon polaritons under normal illumination.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical proposal and numerical simulations of the grating structure.
  • Experimental fabrication using tilted two-beam interference lithography and shadow deposition.
  • Characterization of coupling efficiency and directionality.

Main Results:

  • Simulated 49% light conversion to SPPs with a 78 contrast ratio.
  • Experimentally achieved 36% coupling efficiency and a contrast ratio of 43.
  • Demonstrated unidirectional coupling explained by dislocation-induced interference.

Conclusions:

  • The dislocated double-layer metal grating enables efficient, unidirectional SPP excitation.
  • The structure is suitable for large-scale, low-cost fabrication.
  • This offers a viable interface for surface-plasmon-based nanophotonic circuits.