Utility of the cognitive difficulties scale and association with objective test performance

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Gerontology
• Cognitive Science

Background:

• Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are frequently reported by patients in memory disorder clinics.
• Understanding the relationship between self-reported memory issues and objective cognitive function is crucial for diagnosing memory disorders.
• The Cognitive Difficulties Scale (CDS) is a tool used to assess subjective memory complaints.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the presence of SMCs using the CDS in older adults.
• To investigate the association between CDS scores and current cognitive abilities across different diagnostic groups.
• To determine the utility of self- versus informant-reported CDS scores in relation to cognitive status.

Main Methods:

• Participants included 50 with possible/probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), 100 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 84 cognitively healthy controls (HCs).
• A comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation was administered to all participants.
• Both self- and informant-reported versions of the CDS were completed by participants and their caregivers.

Main Results:

• Individuals with MCI reported significantly more subjective memory complaints on the CDS compared to healthy controls.
• Self-reported CDS scores were correlated with cognitive ability only in the healthy control group.
• Informant-reported CDS scores predicted cognitive ability in individuals with MCI, but not in those with AD.

Conclusions:

• Subjective memory complaints, particularly when reported by caregivers, are valuable in assessing cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment.
• The predictive value of subjective memory complaints diminishes as Alzheimer's disease progresses.
• Incorporating caregiver reports into the assessment of memory disorders is essential for a comprehensive evaluation.