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Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
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Formulation of Diblock Polymeric Nanoparticles through Nanoprecipitation Technique
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Drug co-loading and pH-sensitive release core-shell nanoparticles via layer-by-layer assembly.

Liang Tian1, Jing Yang, Feng Ji

  • 1a School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China.

Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition
|June 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel core-shell nanoparticles using chitosan and phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol for drug delivery. These pH-sensitive nanoparticles show potential for targeted release of model drugs like 7-hydroxycoumarin and rhodamine B.

Keywords:
chitosanco-loadingcore–shell nanoparticlelayer-by-layer assemblypH sensitivephosphorylated polyvinyl alcoholsilica

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Core-shell nanoparticles offer versatile platforms for biomedical and catalytic applications.
  • Layer-by-layer assembly enables precise control over nanoparticle structure and functionality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize multifunctional core-shell nanoparticles for drug delivery.
  • To investigate the drug loading and pH-sensitive release capabilities of these nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Sequential deposition of chitosan (Cs) and phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (PPVA) on SiO2 nanoparticles via layer-by-layer electrostatic self-assembly.
  • Characterization using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
  • Loading of 7-hydroxycoumarin (7-HC) and rhodamine B (RhB) as model drugs into the core and shell, respectively.
  • Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) for structural and drug localization analysis.
  • pH-sensitive release studies of RhB at different pH values (2.0, 7.4, 9.2).

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized spherical core-shell nanoparticles with good size distribution.
  • Confirmed the core-shell structure and successful embedding of 7-HC and RhB using CLSM.
  • Demonstrated distinct pH-dependent release profiles for RhB, indicating tunable release characteristics.
  • Observed significantly different release rates at acidic, neutral, and basic pH levels.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized SiO2(PPVA/Cs)n core-shell nanoparticles exhibit multifunctional properties suitable for drug delivery.
  • The pH-sensitive nature of the nanoparticles allows for controlled and targeted drug release.
  • These nanoparticles hold significant potential for advanced therapeutic applications.