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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Linguistic productivity is often linked to algebraic rules enabling broad generalizations.
  • Research has confirmed such generalizations in spoken language users (adults and infants).
  • It remains unknown if signers also utilize algebraic rules for linguistic generalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether algebraic rules are part of the linguistic competence of American Sign Language (ASL) signers.
  • To examine the generalization capabilities of ASL, specifically focusing on the rule of reduplication (X→XX).

Main Methods:

  • The study examined reduplication in ASL, a rule that forms nouns from verbs.
  • Researchers tested if signers could extend this rule to novel syllables, even those with unattested features.
  • Four experiments used rating tasks and lexical decision tasks to assess preferences for and recognition of novel reduplicated signs.

Main Results:

  • Signers showed a preference for novel reduplicated signs over non-reduplicative controls.
  • Novel reduplicated signs were harder to classify as non-signs in lexical decision tasks.
  • The findings support the hypothesis that signers generalize the reduplication rule.

Conclusions:

  • The phonological knowledge of ASL signers includes powerful algebraic rules.
  • These findings suggest that the architecture of the phonological mind is partly amodal, shared across sign and spoken languages.
  • This implies a universal cognitive basis for language structure, irrespective of modality.