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Extraction of Extracellular Vesicles from Whole Tissue
Published on: February 7, 2019
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Biogenesis and secretion of exosomes
Joanna Kowal1, Mercedes Tkach1, Clotilde Théry2
1Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris F-75248, France; INSERM U932, Paris F-75248, France.
Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|June 25, 2014
Summary
Cellular vesicles, including exosomes, facilitate complex information exchange. Research reveals diverse vesicle types, origins, and functions, indicating distinct subtypes within exosomes themselves.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Cellular communication via secreted vesicles has gained significant research attention.
- The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles was established in 2012 due to rising interest.
- Evidence suggests vesicles mediate complex intercellular information exchange.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the increasing scientific interest in secreted vesicles.
- To differentiate between various types of secreted vesicles.
- To explore the intracellular origins and formation of exosomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on vesicle secretion and exosome biogenesis.
- Analysis of studies on molecular mechanisms of exosome formation and release.
- Comparative examination of different vesicle types.
Main Results:
- Multiple types of secreted vesicles exist with distinct origins and functions.
- Exosomes are a specific subtype of vesicles formed within multivesicular bodies.
- Exosomes are released upon fusion of multivesicular bodies with the plasma membrane.
Conclusions:
- The diversity of secreted vesicles necessitates further classification.
- Exosome formation and secretion involve specific molecular pathways.
- The existence of distinct molecular regulators suggests subtypes of exosomes.
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