Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Comparison Tests01:13

Multiple Comparison Tests

3.4K
Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
It would be easy to compare two samples using a significance alpha level of 0.05. In other words, there is only one sample pair to be compared. However, it would be difficult to identify a significantly different sample if the number...
3.4K
Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test II01:17

Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test II

658
The Wald-Wolfowitz runs test, commonly referred to as the runs test, is a nonparametric test used to assess the randomness of ordered data. The test evaluates the number of runs, which are consecutive sequences of similar elements within the data. If the number of runs is significantly higher or lower than expected, the data is considered non-random, indicating a detectable pattern or structure.
For binary data, runs are identified using symbols such as + and −, or equivalently, 1s and...
658
Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test I01:17

Wald-Wolfowitz Runs Test I

850
The Wald-Wolfowitz test, also known as the runs test, is a nonparametric statistical test used to assess the randomness of a sequence of two different types of elements (e.g., positive/negative values, successes/failures). It examines whether the order of the elements in a sequence is random or if there is a pattern or trend present. This nonparametric test applies to any ordered data despite the population and sample data distribution, even if a higher sample size is available.
The test works...
850
Behrens–Fisher Test00:57

Behrens–Fisher Test

347
The Behrens-Fisher test is a statistical method designed to address the Behrens-Fisher problem, which arises when comparing the means of two normally distributed populations with unequal variances. Unlike the Student's t-test, which assumes equal variances, the Behrens-Fisher test allows for mean comparison without this restrictive assumption. This flexibility makes it particularly valuable in scenarios where two independent samples exhibit normality but lack variance homogeneity.
This test...
347
Sign Test for Matched Pairs01:17

Sign Test for Matched Pairs

479
The sign test for matched pairs offers a robust method for comparing two paired samples, often for the effects of an intervention in one of them. This method is very useful in situations where the underlying distribution of the data is unknown. The test compares two related samples—often pre- and post-treatment measurements on the same subjects—to determine if there are significant differences in their median values.
To conduct the sign test, we first calculate the differences in...
479

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Overview of the limb injury measurement battery for quality of life (LIMB-QOL).

Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

A methodological overview of new measure development for the Limb Injury Measurement Battery for Quality of Life (LIMB-QOL).

Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Profiles of Quality of Life Outcomes Observed in Rehabilitation Patients Using Latent Profile Analysis.

Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Evidence-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation for Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: An Updated Systematic Review 2016 to 2024.

Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Increased functional network connectivity following cognitive rehabilitation in progressive multiple sclerosis with moderate to severe disabilty: findings from the CogEx study.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Thymus engraftment and developmental progression of adoptively transferred progenitor T cells are affected by host conditioning.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Novel Object Recognition and Object Location Behavioral Testing in Mice on a Budget
05:57

Novel Object Recognition and Object Location Behavioral Testing in Mice on a Budget

Published on: November 20, 2018

59.9K

NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery (NIHTB-CB): the NIHTB Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test.

Noelle E Carlozzi1, David S Tulsky2, Nancy D Chiaravalloti3

  • 11Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,Michigan.

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
|June 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary

The NIH Toolbox Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test shows good reliability and validity in adults. A composite score combining this test with others improved processing speed assessment.

More Related Videos

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
13:00

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

9.2K
A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats
06:17

A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats

Published on: October 17, 2019

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Novel Object Recognition and Object Location Behavioral Testing in Mice on a Budget
05:57

Novel Object Recognition and Object Location Behavioral Testing in Mice on a Budget

Published on: November 20, 2018

59.9K
Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments
13:00

Measuring Attention and Visual Processing Speed by Model-based Analysis of Temporal-order Judgments

Published on: January 23, 2017

9.2K
A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats
06:17

A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats

Published on: October 17, 2019

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The NIH Toolbox (NIHTB) Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) aims to standardize cognitive assessments.
  • Processing speed is a critical cognitive function impacting daily activities and neurological health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the NIHTB Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test in adults aged 18-85.
  • To report descriptive statistics, reliability, and validity of the measure.
  • To explore the utility of a composite processing speed score.

Main Methods:

  • Collected validation data from adults aged 18-85.
  • Assessed test-retest reliability and construct validity.
  • Correlated scores with other cognitive measures (processing speed, working memory, vocabulary).
  • Compared individual test scores with a composite processing speed score.

Main Results:

  • The test demonstrated good test-retest reliability.
  • Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was found, with expected correlations with other cognitive measures.
  • A composite processing speed score outperformed individual tests.

Conclusions:

  • The NIHTB Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test is a reliable and valid measure for assessing processing speed across a wide age range (3-85 years).
  • It is a brief, easily administered tool with high construct validity.
  • A composite score enhances the assessment of processing speed.