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Related Concept Videos

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1...
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Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
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Insulinoma presenting as medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.

So-Hee Park1, Dong Wook Kim1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Epilepsy Research
|July 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Insulinoma, a rare tumor, can mimic temporal lobe epilepsy symptoms like seizures and confusion. Early diagnosis through endocrinologic investigation is crucial for effective treatment and seizure freedom.

Keywords:
EEGHypoglycemiaInsulinomaTemporal lobe epilepsy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Insulinoma, a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, secretes excess insulin, leading to hypoglycemia.
  • Hypoglycemia can manifest with neurological symptoms, including seizures and behavioral changes.

Observation:

  • A female patient presented with recurrent seizures and confusion, initially diagnosed as temporal lobe epilepsy based on EEG findings.
  • Video-EEG monitoring revealed hypoglycemia during seizure attacks, prompting further endocrinologic investigation.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with insulinoma after endocrinologic workup.
  • Surgical removal of the insulinoma resulted in complete seizure remission.
  • Follow-up EEG showed normal findings six months post-surgery.

Implications:

  • Insulinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.
  • Recognizing shared clinical and EEG features can prevent misdiagnosis and guide appropriate investigations.