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The civilizing process in London's Old Bailey.

Sara Klingenstein1, Tim Hitchcock2, Simon DeDeo3

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|July 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzed Old Bailey trial transcripts, revealing how legal language evolved to distinguish violent from nonviolent offenses over time. This linguistic shift reflects the state

Keywords:
bureaucracycultural evolutiongroup cognitioninformation theorysocial systems

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Linguistics
  • Legal History
  • Sociolinguistics

Background:

  • The jury trial serves as a crucial societal mechanism for defining behavioral boundaries.
  • Historical analysis suggests a long-term societal "civilizing process" involving the state's monopolization of violence.

Observation:

  • A large-scale quantitative analysis of Old Bailey trial transcripts was conducted.
  • Spoken word testimony was analyzed by coarse-graining into synonym sets.
  • Trials were categorized by indictment to identify distinct linguistic patterns.

Findings:

  • The study identified the emergence of semantically distinct "violent" and "nonviolent" trial genres.
  • In the late 18th century, semantic content for violent and nonviolent trials was indistinguishable.
  • A secular trend over time led to increasingly clear linguistic distinctions between violent and nonviolent acts.

Implications:

  • This research offers novel insights into the cultural and institutional transformations associated with the state's increasing control over violence.
  • The findings provide a quantitative perspective on historical "civilizing processes" through linguistic analysis.
  • Understanding these linguistic shifts aids in comprehending the evolution of legal and social norms.