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Bone Marrow-derived Cell Therapy for Oral Mucosal Repair after Irradiation.

T I1, Y Sumita2, T Minamizato1

  • 1Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.

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|July 2, 2014
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Summary

Bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) can prevent and reduce radiation-induced oral mucositis in mice. These cells promote healing and tissue regeneration, offering a potential new strategy for head and neck cancer patients.

Keywords:
cell transplantaionepithelial tissuemucosal regenerationparacrine effectradiation injurystem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Oral mucositis is a painful side effect of radiation therapy for head and neck cancer.
  • Current treatments for oral mucositis are insufficient for prevention or effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) in preventing and reducing radiation-induced oral mucositis.
  • To understand the mechanism by which BMDCs might exert their effects.

Main Methods:

  • Intravenous transplantation of concentrated BMDCs into female mice post-tongue irradiation.
  • Monitoring body weight and ulceration over 14 days.
  • Macroscopic, histologic, and stem cell marker analyses of tongue tissues.

Main Results:

  • BMDCs transplantation led to fewer and smaller ulcers by day 7 post-irradiation.
  • Transplanted mice showed increased expression of stem cell markers (c-Kit, Sca-1) and EGFR, with reduced apoptosis.
  • Tongue epithelium thickness was preserved, and regenerative activities (angiogenesis, proliferation) were enhanced in BMDCs-treated mice.

Conclusions:

  • Exogenous BMDCs can significantly reduce the severity of radiation-induced oral mucositis.
  • BMDCs appear to act through a paracrine mechanism, promoting tissue repair and regeneration.
  • BMDCs may offer a novel therapeutic approach for managing oral mucositis in cancer patients.