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Sensitivity recovery for the AX-PET prototype using inter-crystal scattering events.

John E Gillam¹, Paola Solevi, Josep F Oliver

¹IFIC (CSIC-Universitat de València), Valencia, Spain.

Physics in Medicine and Biology

|July 4, 2014

Summary

Inter-crystal scattering (ICS) events in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging are increasingly important. A novel V-like model for ICS detection significantly improves signal-to-noise ratio and image quality in PET scans.

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Nuclear Physics
Image Reconstruction

Background:

Novel positron emission tomography (PET) systems, like the AX-PET demonstrator, increase the detection of atypical coincidence events, specifically inter-crystal scattering (ICS).
ICS events, often ignored in standard systems, become significant as their measured fraction increases, impacting image reconstruction accuracy.
Current methods for handling ICS events have limitations in success rates and computational demands.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate alternative approaches for treating inter-crystal scattering (ICS) events in PET image reconstruction.
To assess the impact of different ICS treatment methods on image quality and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
To identify the optimal method for incorporating ICS information into PET image reconstruction.

Main Methods:

Experimental data acquired using the AX-PET prototype and a NEMA phantom.
Three ICS treatment methods were evaluated, considering all possible lines of response (LoRs).
Maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) was employed with standard (line-like) and novel (V-like) detection response models within the system matrix.

Main Results:

All assessed methods demonstrated an increase in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when incorporating ICS events.
The novel V-like model, which fully models the ICS response in the system matrix, provided enhancements across all assessed figures of merit.
The optimal ICS incorporation method was validated using data from small animal scans on the AX-PET demonstrator.

Conclusions:

Accurate modeling of inter-crystal scattering (ICS) events is crucial for improving PET image quality.
The V-like detection response model offers a superior approach for ICS treatment, enhancing SNR and overall image reconstruction.
This investigation provides a validated method for optimal ICS incorporation in PET imaging, applicable to advanced systems and small animal studies.