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Parental feeding practices in relation to low diet quality and obesity among LSES children
Anna Entin1, Vered Kaufman-Shriqui, Lechaim Naggan
1a Department of Public Health , Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , ISRAEL.
Insights
Parental feeding practices significantly impact preschoolers' diet quality and weight. Healthy practices like encouraging variety are linked to better outcomes, while restrictive methods may be counterproductive for managing child weight.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nutrition
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Low-socioeconomic status (LSES) preschoolers are at higher risk for overweight and obesity.
- Parental feeding practices are known to influence children's dietary habits and weight status.
- Understanding these relationships is crucial for developing effective interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the associations between parental feeding practices, diet quality, and weight status (overweight and obesity) in LSES preschoolers.
- To identify specific feeding behaviors that promote healthy eating and weight management in young children.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 63 preschoolers (aged 5-6) and their mothers participated.
- Dietary intake was assessed using repeated Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ).
- Parental feeding practices were measured using the Child Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ). Anthropometric measurements were collected.
Main Results:
- Unhealthy practices (e.g., food as reward, restriction) correlated with higher junk food consumption.
- Healthy practices (e.g., promoting balance, parental modeling) were associated with increased vegetable intake and smaller waist circumference.
- Parental pressure and restriction for weight control showed negative associations with weight.
Conclusions:
- Specific parental feeding practices are linked to improved diet quality and reduced weight and waist circumference in preschoolers.
- Promoting healthy feeding strategies can be an effective approach to combat childhood overweight and obesity in vulnerable populations.
Objective:
To examine the relationships between parental feeding practices, diet quality, overweight, and obesity among low-socioeconomic status (LSES) preschoolers.
Research Methods And Procedures:
A cohort of preschool children (aged 5-6) and their mothers was recruited from November 2009 to December 2009. To overcome seasonal and personal variation in dietary intake, 3 replications of the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and a parental Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) were obtained in person at baseline, 3 months from baseline, and 6 months from baseline. Anthropometric measurements were attained at preschool class on the same dates. Scores of the 12 factors of the CFPQ were calculated and related to dietary intake. Correlation coefficients between the mean energy and fat intake and CFPQ factors' scores were calculated. One-way analysis of variance with post hoc analyses was used to compare nutrient intake and anthropometric measures across CFPQ tertiles.
Results:
Preschoolers (n = 63), aged 64.4 ± 5.0 months (47% boys), were recruited. Unhealthy feeding practices including food as a reward for good behavior and food restriction for promoting health were associated with increased consumption of junk food, sweets, and snacks. Among healthy feeding practices, encouraging balance and food variety and healthy eating modeled by parents were associated with increased vegetable consumption and smaller waist circumference. Weight was negatively associated with factors that reflect parental pressure and food restriction for weight control.
Conclusions:
Our data showed that certain feeding practices relate to a higher diet quality and lower weight and waist circumference. These practices may be encouraged in order to improve diet quality and prevent overweight and obesity.
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