Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

391
Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
391
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction01:23

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction

271
Oral drug delivery is the most common route of administration due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and high patient compliance. It enables precise formulation to ensure proper drug dosage and bioavailability. The development of oral dosage forms considers drug properties such as solubility, stability, and absorption to optimize therapeutic efficacy.Tablets, capsules, liquids, and chewable formulations enhance drug stability, mask undesirable tastes, and improve patient experience.
271
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

253
Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
253
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

297
Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
297
Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose01:01

Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose

2.3K
Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
2.3K
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

137
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
137

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exploring twin-screw feeding behaviour across different loss-in-weight feeders.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2026
Same author

Semi-crystalline materials for pharmaceutical fused filament fabrication: Dissolution and porosity.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2024
Same author

Batch vs. continuous direct compression - a comparison of material processability and final tablet quality.

International journal of pharmaceutics: X·2024
Same author

Visualization of the granule temperature using thermal imaging to improve understanding of the granulation mechanism in continuous twin-screw melt granulation.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2023
Same author

Drying behaviour and visualization of surfactants after co-spray drying of surfactant-stabilized aqueous suspensions.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2023
Same author

Exploiting common ion addition to accelerate zolpidem hemitartrate release from Eudragit EPO extrudates.

International journal of pharmaceutics·2023
Same journal

Partition-controlled drug release from polymeric nanocapsules: A physically consistent framework with formulation-specific corrections.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V·2026
Same journal

Formulation-dependent differences in systemic glutathione availability: Comparative pharmacokinetics of orally dissolving film and tablet formulations in healthy adults.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V·2026
Same journal

Does magnesium permeate the skin? An ex vivo investigation of magnesium ion delivery through intact and barrier-disrupted skin.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V·2026
Same journal

Surface engineering of graphene as a novel nano-carrier for doxorubicin using sugar-based deep eutectic systems.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V·2026
Same journal

Buprenorphine long acting injectables: clinical needs, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic basis, and design challenges for solid preformed implants.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V·2026
Same journal

Design rules for externally triggered drug uncaging under optical and radiolytic regimes.

European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients
11:27

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients

Published on: August 9, 2022

1.8K

Co-extruded solid solutions as immediate release fixed-dose combinations.

L Dierickx1, B Van Snick1, T Monteyne2

  • 1Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Ghent University, Belgium.

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics : Official Journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik E.V
|July 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Co-extrusion successfully created multilayer fixed-dose combination tablets with immediate drug release. This novel oral dosage form effectively combines hydrophilic acetylsalicylic acid and hydrophobic fenofibrate.

Keywords:
Drugs with different water-solubilityFixed-dose combination productHot-melt co-extrusionImmediate releaseMultilayer oral dosage formSolid solutions

More Related Videos

Formation of Dispersible Taohong Siwu Tablets
05:44

Formation of Dispersible Taohong Siwu Tablets

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.4K
Solubility of Hydrophobic Compounds in Aqueous Solution Using Combinations of Self-assembling Peptide and Amino Acid
05:08

Solubility of Hydrophobic Compounds in Aqueous Solution Using Combinations of Self-assembling Peptide and Amino Acid

Published on: September 20, 2017

15.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 27, 2026

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients
11:27

A Package of Established Analytical Tools to Investigate the Solid-State Alteration of Lipid-Based Excipients

Published on: August 9, 2022

1.8K
Formation of Dispersible Taohong Siwu Tablets
05:44

Formation of Dispersible Taohong Siwu Tablets

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.4K
Solubility of Hydrophobic Compounds in Aqueous Solution Using Combinations of Self-assembling Peptide and Amino Acid
05:08

Solubility of Hydrophobic Compounds in Aqueous Solution Using Combinations of Self-assembling Peptide and Amino Acid

Published on: September 20, 2017

15.6K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Technology
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Developing fixed-dose combination (FDC) oral dosage forms presents challenges, especially with drugs of differing water solubilities.
  • Achieving immediate release from multiple layers in a single dosage form requires careful selection of polymers and manufacturing processes.
  • Co-extrusion offers a promising technique for creating complex multilayer drug delivery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multilayer FDC solid oral dosage form using co-extrusion.
  • To incorporate drugs with different water solubilities, acetylsalicylic acid (hydrophilic) and fenofibrate (hydrophobic), into distinct layers.
  • To ensure immediate release from both layers of the developed dosage form.

Main Methods:

  • Polymers were screened for hot-melt extrusion processability, macroscopic properties, drug stability, and in vitro release.
  • Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and fenofibrate (FF) were used as model hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, respectively.
  • Co-extrusion was employed to create multilayer tablets, followed by characterization using DSC, XRD, and Raman mapping.

Main Results:

  • Successful co-extrusion of multilayer dosage forms was achieved with specific polymer combinations (e.g., Kollidon® PF 12/Kollidon® VA 64 core, Soluplus®/Kollidon® VA 64/Kollidon® 30 coat).
  • All developed formulations exhibited good inter-layer adhesion and complete drug release within 15-60 minutes.
  • Physicochemical analysis confirmed molecular dispersion of drugs and minimal intermigration between layers.

Conclusions:

  • Co-extrusion is a viable method for producing multilayer FDC oral dosage forms with immediate release profiles.
  • The study successfully demonstrated the combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in a single dosage form with controlled release characteristics.
  • The developed FDC tablets show potential for improved patient compliance and therapeutic efficacy.