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Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
Published on: July 24, 2016
Innate immune viral recognition: relevance to CNS infections
1Neurology Service, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, and Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Abstract:
Innate immune responses mediated by mononuclear phagocytes represent the initial host response to acute viral infection. PRRs, including TLRs, retinoic RLRs,and NOD-like receptors, recognize viral nucleic acid and localized injury signals to initiate proinflammatory responses and activation of adaptive immunity. These responses are host- and viral-dependent. Neurotropic viruses, such as HSV, West Nile virus, and HIV activate and evade innate immune signaling mechanisms by distinct mechanisms. These highly complex pathogen-host interactions determine establishment of infection, severity of clinical disease, development of chronic inflammatory processes, and success of vaccination strategies.
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