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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Working memory training impacts the mean diffusivity in the dopaminergic system.

Hikaru Takeuchi1, Yasuyuki Taki2,3,4, Rui Nouchi5

  • 1Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan. takehi@idac.tohoku.ac.jp.

Brain Structure & Function
|July 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Working memory training (WMT) increased mean diffusivity (MD), a marker of microstructural change, in key brain areas. These changes in the dopaminergic system correlated with improved working memory performance.

Keywords:
Diffusion-weighted imagingDopamineMRIMean diffusivityPlasticityTrainingWorking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroplasticity

Background:

  • Dopaminergic pathways are crucial for working memory (WM).
  • Mean diffusivity (MD) measures brain microstructural integrity using diffusion-weighted imaging.
  • Previous studies explored WM training effects on dopamine receptors, but not on MD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of 4-week working memory training (WMT) on mean diffusivity (MD) in young adults.
  • To examine correlations between WMT-induced performance improvements and changes in MD.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion-weighted imaging was used to measure MD before and after a 4-week intervention period.
  • Participants were divided into a WMT group and a control (no intervention) group.
  • Key brain regions including the caudate, putamen, DLPFC, ACC, substantia nigra, and VTA were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • WMT led to increased MD in the bilateral caudate, right putamen, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), right substantia nigra, and ventral tegmental area (VTA).
  • The control group showed no significant changes in MD.
  • Increased WMT task performance positively correlated with increased MD in the left DLPFC and right ACC.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory training induces microstructural changes in the dopaminergic system.
  • These microstructural alterations, indicated by increased MD, are associated with enhanced working memory capacity.
  • The findings suggest WMT may lead to reduced neural component density or altered tissue microstructure in relevant brain areas.