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All-optical vector atomic magnetometer.

B Patton1, E Zhivun2, D C Hovde3

  • 1Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-7300, USA and Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|July 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed an all-optical vector magnetometer using cesium vapor to measure magnetic fields. This device achieves high sensitivity for fundamental physics research, including searches for electric dipole moments.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Magnetometry
  • Quantum Sensing

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of magnetic fields is crucial for fundamental physics research.
  • Existing magnetometers often face limitations in sensitivity or vector measurement capabilities.
  • All-optical methods offer potential for non-intrusive and highly sensitive magnetic field detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate an all-optical magnetometer with vector measurement capabilities.
  • To achieve high sensitivity in measuring both the magnitude and direction of magnetic fields.
  • To explore applications in fundamental physics experiments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in cesium vapor.
  • Implementing effective modulation of the magnetic field along orthogonal axes via ac Stark shifts induced by circularly polarized laser beams.
  • Employing demodulation of the magnetic-resonance frequency to extract vector information.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated root-mean-square (rms) noise floor of approximately 65 femtotesla per root Hertz (fT/√Hz) for field magnitude.
  • Achieved an rms noise floor of 0.5 millirad/√Hz for field direction measurement.
  • Projected sensitivities with technical noise elimination: 12 fT/√Hz (magnitude) and 10 microrad/√Hz (direction).

Conclusions:

  • The developed all-optical vector magnetometer offers a promising new tool for magnetic field sensing.
  • Its high sensitivity and vector capabilities are suitable for demanding applications in fundamental physics.
  • Potential applications include searches for the electric dipole moment of the neutron and other precision measurements.