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Extraction of Aqueous Metabolites from Cultured Adherent Cells for Metabolomic Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
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Oncologic metabolic emergencies.

Jonathan Wagner1, Sanjay Arora1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, Room 1011, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
|July 26, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emergency providers must recognize and manage oncologic metabolic emergencies like tumor lysis syndrome and hypercalcemia of malignancy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment in the emergency department save lives and improve quality of life for cancer patients.

Keywords:
CancerEmergency medicineHypercalcemia of malignancyMetabolic emergencyTreatmentTumor lysis syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Metabolic Emergencies

Background:

  • Cancer and its treatments can precipitate severe metabolic derangements.
  • These oncologic emergencies require prompt recognition and management by emergency providers.
  • Metabolic emergencies can occur in advanced cancer or upon treatment initiation, sometimes preceding diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the two most critical oncologic metabolic emergencies: tumor lysis syndrome and hypercalcemia of malignancy.
  • To provide emergency providers with essential knowledge for identifying and managing these conditions.
  • To discuss the associated cancers, pathophysiology, and recommended treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on tumor lysis syndrome and hypercalcemia of malignancy.
  • Synthesis of information on pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and diagnostic criteria.
  • Compilation of current management strategies and recommendations for emergency settings.

Main Results:

  • Tumor lysis syndrome and hypercalcemia of malignancy are life-threatening oncologic emergencies.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology is key to timely diagnosis and intervention.
  • Effective management protocols can significantly improve patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Emergency providers play a crucial role in managing metabolic emergencies in cancer patients.
  • Early identification and treatment of tumor lysis syndrome and hypercalcemia are vital.
  • This review provides a foundation for managing these critical conditions in the emergency department.