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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

18
Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
18
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

40
Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
40

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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

Training Persons with Spinal Cord Injury to Ambulate Using a Powered Exoskeleton
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Locomotion training using voluntary driven exoskeleton (HAL) in acute incomplete SCI

Oliver Cruciger1, Martin Tegenthoff2, Peter Schwenkreis2

  • 1From the Departments of Spinal Cord Injuries (O.C., M.A.), Neurology (M.T., P.S.), and General and Trauma Surgery (T.A.S.), BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany. oliver.cruciger@bergmannsheil.de.

Neurology
|July 31, 2014
PubMed
Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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