Simultaneous determination of binding constants for multiple carbohydrate hosts in complex mixtures

Area of Science:

• Supramolecular Chemistry
• Analytical Chemistry
• Biophysical Chemistry

Background:

• Oligosaccharides are crucial in biological processes, but studying their interactions with host molecules is complex.
• Determining binding constants for multiple hosts in a mixture typically requires isolating each component.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simplified method for simultaneously quantifying the binding affinities of various hosts to multiple oligosaccharides.
• To enable the study of noncovalent interactions in complex mixtures without laborious component isolation.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) titration.
• Employing high-resolution (1)H-(13)C HSQC (Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence) experiments.
• Analyzing mixtures containing over 20 different oligosaccharides and multiple host molecules.

Main Results:

• A single NMR titration experiment can determine association constants for up to seven different hosts binding to oligosaccharides.
• The method successfully resolved complexes of amphiphiles with more than 10 different maltooligosaccharides.
• Binding parameters for known components allow for the determination of constants for other resolvable hosts in the mixture.

Conclusions:

• This NMR-based approach offers an efficient and direct way to study host-oligosaccharide interactions in complex systems.
• The method facilitates the quantitative exploration of noncovalent interactions and the characterization of binding capabilities for structurally related hosts.