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Intergroup Cooperation in Common Pool Resource Dilemmas.

Jathan Sadowski1, Susan G Spierre2, Evan Selinger3

  • 1Consortium for Science, Policy and Outcomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. jathan.sadowski@asu.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental sustainability challenges like climate change need collective action beyond national borders. Experiments show cooperation can emerge even with intergroup conflict, challenging traditional economic and evolutionary theories.

Keywords:
Climate changeCollective actionCooperationSustainabilityTragedy of the commons

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Game Theory

Background:

  • Global environmental sustainability issues (climate change, fisheries) necessitate collective action transcending national boundaries.
  • Neoclassical economics predicts 'tragedy of the commons' without enforcement; evolutionary biology suggests cooperation often involves out-group discrimination.
  • Observed human behavior sometimes contradicts these theories, indicating other cooperation drivers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cooperation in a tragedy of the commons scenario using game theory.
  • To model intergroup conflict and its impact on cooperative outcomes.
  • To identify factors promoting cooperation despite group identity and conflict.

Main Methods:

  • A non-cooperative game-theoretic exercise was designed to simulate a tragedy of the commons problem.
  • University students from multiple institutions were assigned to distinct, multi-university identity groups.
  • Experiments involved repeated interactions where groups could advance their interests at others' expense.

Main Results:

  • Cooperative outcomes were repeatedly observed despite explicit intergroup conflicts and expressions of group identity.
  • This contrasts with predictions from rational self-interest economic models and group-driven evolutionary cooperation theories.
  • Three potential explanations for cooperation were proposed: academic setting influence, instructors as an out-group, or the impact of ethical leaders.

Conclusions:

  • Cooperation is possible in commons dilemmas even with intergroup conflict and identity salience.
  • Findings challenge purely self-interested or in-group biased cooperation models.
  • Insights can inform institutional design and policy for environmental management, especially climate change mitigation.