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Subclinical rickets.

Tanveer Hussain Shah1, Mukhtiar Hassan2, Tahir Saeed Siddiqui3

  • 1Tanveer Hussain Shah, PhD, Department of Biochemistry & Health Science, Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|August 7, 2014
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Summary

Subclinical rickets affects 27% of Hazarian school students, particularly girls, due to insufficient Vitamin D. This study highlights the prevalence and contributing factors of this condition.

Keywords:
Camouflagic ricketsDaily mealsHazarian school studentsPhysical indicationsSub clinicalSynergistic effect

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Subclinical rickets, often undiagnosed due to lack of physical signs, poses a significant health concern.
  • Previous research on subclinical rickets in Pakistan, particularly among school-aged children, is limited.
  • Understanding the prevalence and risk factors is crucial for effective public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of subclinical rickets among school students in Hazara Division, Pakistan.
  • To investigate the geographical and gender distribution of subclinical rickets.
  • To identify factors associated with subclinical rickets, including dietary intake and sun exposure.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 189 students (ages 11-16) from rural, urban, and suburban high schools.
  • Data collected included anthropometrics, dietary habits, and sun exposure.
  • Subclinical rickets was diagnosed based on abnormal biochemical findings without overt physical symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Subclinical rickets was diagnosed in 51 (27%) students, with a higher prevalence in girls (19%) compared to boys (8%).
  • Rural areas showed the highest geographical prevalence (26 cases), followed by urban (16 cases) and suburban (9 cases).
  • All affected students had low serum Vitamin D levels (18-39 nmol/l) and inadequate dietary intake of Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus.

Conclusions:

  • Subclinical rickets is a prevalent and often overlooked condition among school students in Hazara, disproportionately affecting girls.
  • Inadequate exposure to and intake of Vitamin D is a primary contributing factor.
  • Early detection and intervention strategies focusing on Vitamin D supplementation and education are recommended.