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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 26, 2026

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A Life Course Approach to Understanding Poverty Among Older American Adults.

Mark R Rank1, Herbert S Hadley2, James Herbert Williams3

  • 1George Warren Brown School of Social Work Washington University St. Louis, Missouri 63130 markr@wustl.edu (314) 935-5694.

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Summary

Nearly half of elderly Americans face poverty or near poverty in later life. Many also lack assets to cover unexpected expenses, highlighting financial vulnerability in later years.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sociology
  • Economics

Background:

  • Poverty is increasingly studied as a life course event.
  • Understanding financial vulnerability in older adults is crucial for policy development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the likelihood of income and asset poverty among Americans aged 60-90.
  • To assess the prevalence of financial hardship and lack of liquid assets in later life.

Main Methods:

  • Life course analysis approach.
  • Examination of income and asset poverty prevalence.
  • Focus on individuals aged 60-90.

Main Results:

  • Nearly 50% of elderly Americans experience poverty or near poverty between ages 60-90.
  • 58% of individuals aged 60-84 lack sufficient liquid assets for emergencies.
  • Significant financial precarity identified in the elderly population.

Conclusions:

  • Poverty is a common life course event for older Americans.
  • A substantial portion of the elderly population faces financial insecurity.
  • Findings have significant implications for policy and practice concerning elder financial well-being.