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Axial relationship between dental implants and teeth/implants: a radiographic study.

Eli E Machtei¹, Orit Oettinger-Barak, Jacob Horwitz

¹1 Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Medicine Infection & Immunity, School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Medical Center, Boston, Mass.

The Journal of Oral Implantology

|August 9, 2014

Summary

This study analyzed dental implant angulation relative to adjacent and opposing teeth/implants. Good axial alignment is achievable, but the mandibular posterior region requires careful attention to avoid deviation.

Keywords:

angulations dental implants freehand guides inclination stents

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Area of Science:

Dental Implantology
Biomechanical Analysis
Radiographic Analysis

Background:

The axial relationship of dental implants to adjacent and opposing teeth/implants is crucial for occlusal harmony and force distribution.
Understanding these relationships aids in predicting implant success and potential complications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the axial angular relationship of dental implants with adjacent and opposing teeth/implants.
To identify factors influencing implant angulation, including placement method and implant position.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of dental implant patient data.
Digitization of panoramic X-rays for computer-based angular measurements.
Data stratification by placement mode (freehand vs. guided) and implant location (arch, tooth type).

Main Results:

Mean angle to adjacent teeth/implants was 178.71° ± 9.18°.
Implants showed greater parallelism to adjacent teeth (180.99°) than adjacent implants (176.32°).
Mandibular implants exhibited greater axial deviation than maxillary implants; molars showed more deviation than premolars and incisors.

Conclusions:

Experienced clinicians can achieve good axial relationships, even with freehand placement.
The mandibular posterior region presents a higher risk for axial deviation and warrants specific clinical consideration.
Optimizing implant angulation is key for successful osseointegration and long-term function.