Upper extremity total joint replacement

Current techniques of total joint replacement surgically correct badly destroyed joints by the insertion of plastic and metal components, which are secured to the skeleton by methylmethacrylate cement. This approach began in England in 1962 and in the United States in 1967. Recent development in the field of upper extremity joint replacement allow implementation of refined total shoulder, elbow, and wrist prostheses. Although less experience has been gained with these prostheses than with total hip and knee replacements, preliminary results are encouraging.