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Anabolic steroids and semen parameters in bodybuilders
U A Knuth1, H Maniera, E Nieschlag
1Max Planck Clinical Research Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Münster, Federal Republic of Germany.
Fertility and Sterility
|December 1, 1989
Summary
High-dose anabolic steroid use significantly reduces sperm count, motility, and morphology in bodybuilders. However, sperm production may normalize after cessation of steroid use for over four months.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Reproductive Medicine
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are frequently misused by athletes for performance enhancement.
- High-dose AAS use can impact various physiological systems, including reproductive health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of high-dose anabolic steroid administration on endocrine and semen parameters in bodybuilders.
- To compare semen analysis results of AAS users with a control group of non-users.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective recording of anabolic steroid administration history in 41 bodybuilders.
- Comparison of semen analysis data with 41 normal volunteers not using steroids or other drugs.
- Analysis of sperm count, motility, and morphology in relation to AAS use duration and cessation period.
Main Results:
- 24 out of 41 bodybuilders exhibited subnormal sperm counts, compared to only 5 in the control group.
- Sperm motility and morphology were significantly reduced in bodybuilders compared to controls.
- Sperm numbers returned to normal ranges in bodybuilders who ceased AAS use for over 4 months.
Conclusions:
- Prolonged, high-dose anabolic steroid use negatively impacts male reproductive parameters.
- Sperm production demonstrates potential for recovery after discontinuation of anabolic steroid use.