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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets.
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Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
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Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections
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Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections

Published on: August 30, 2014

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Oral and sublingual immunotherapy.

Edwin H Kim1, Wesley Burks2

  • 1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2144 Genome Sciences Bldg, CB #7231, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7231, 919-962-4409 (office), 919-962-4730 (fax).

Current Treatment Options in Allergy
|August 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Oral and sublingual immunotherapy offer safer alternatives for allergic rhinitis and asthma. These treatments also show promise for food allergies, with recent advances in effectiveness and novel therapies.

Keywords:
allergic rhinitisallergic rhinoconjunctivitisasthmafood allergyoral immunotherapysublingual immunotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Therapeutic Innovations

Background:

  • Allergic diseases are increasing globally.
  • Subcutaneous immunotherapy is a standard treatment but has limitations.
  • Effective treatments for food allergies are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in immunotherapy for allergic diseases.
  • To highlight the effectiveness of current treatments.
  • To explore novel therapeutic approaches and their mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of data on treatment effectiveness.
  • Examination of preliminary findings for new therapies.

Main Results:

  • Oral and sublingual immunotherapy demonstrate superior safety and ease of use.
  • These methods are effective alternatives for allergic rhinitis and asthma.
  • Promising preliminary data exists for food allergy treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy, particularly oral and sublingual routes, represents a significant advancement.
  • These approaches offer viable treatment options for a broader patient population.
  • Ongoing research continues to refine and expand immunotherapy applications.