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Hypercoagulability in celiac disease--an update

Aaron Lerner1, Miri Blank2

  • 1Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Carmel Medical Center, B. Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel institute of Technology, Haifa 34362, Israel.

Autoimmunity Reviews
|August 24, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Celiac disease increases the risk of blood clots and pregnancy loss due to autoimmune factors. Addressing nutritional deficiencies and genetic risks may help prevent these serious thromboembolic events.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder impacting multiple organs in genetically predisposed individuals.
  • Extra-intestinal manifestations include thromboembolic events such as strokes, deep vein thrombosis, and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
  • Co-existing autoimmune conditions like lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome exacerbate hypercoagulability risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted pathogenic pathways contributing to hypercoagulability in celiac disease patients.
  • To identify key risk factors for thromboembolic events in the context of celiac disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on celiac disease and hypercoagulability.
  • Analysis of contributing factors including nutritional deficiencies, genetic predispositions, autoantibodies, and endothelial dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Multiple factors predispose celiac disease patients to hypercoagulability.
  • Nutritional deficiencies (B12, folate, vitamin K), MTHFR mutations, thrombophilic autoantibodies, hyperhomocysteinemia, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet abnormalities are identified risks.
  • Associated autoimmune diseases further elevate the risk of thrombotic events.

Conclusions:

  • Hypercoagulability in celiac disease arises from a complex interplay of genetic, nutritional, immunological, and vascular factors.
  • Personalized thromboprophylaxis or targeted treatment of predisposing factors is recommended for at-risk patients.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityCeliac diseaseHypercoagulabilityThromboembolismThrombophilia

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