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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Garlic Extract in Rheumatological Diseases: A Systematic Review.

Jozélio Freire de Carvalho1, Aaron Lerner2, Carina Benzvi2

  • 1Núcleo de Pesquisa em Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (NUPEN), School of Nutrition from the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.

Complementary Medicine Research
|July 2, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Garlic extract (GE) shows promise for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), improving symptoms and reducing inflammation. Further research with larger patient groups is recommended to confirm these findings.

Keywords:
Anti-inflammatoryAntioxidantienAntioxidantsArthroseEntzündungshemmendGarlicKnoblauchOsteoarthritisRheumatische ErkrankungenRheumatological diseasesZusammenfassung

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Garlic extract (GE) is a popular dietary supplement with known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and infection-fighting properties.
  • Traditional use suggests potential benefits for various health conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on the efficacy and safety of garlic extract in managing rheumatic diseases.
  • To synthesize findings regarding GE's impact on disease parameters and inflammatory markers.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and SciELO databases was conducted.
  • Articles published between 1966 and May 2024 focusing on GE and rheumatic diseases were included.
  • Data from four studies involving 176 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Garlic extract administration (600-1000 mg/day) for 4-12 weeks led to improvements in pain, function, disease activity, joint symptoms, and stiffness.
  • Significant reductions were observed in inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor, and malondialdehyde.
  • Studies primarily included female participants with an average age of 51-59 years and disease duration of approximately 6.6 years.

Conclusions:

  • Garlic extract (GE) appears to be a safe and well-tolerated therapeutic option for patients with RA and OA.
  • The reviewed studies indicate positive effects of GE on key rheumatic disease indicators and inflammation.
  • Larger-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate these preliminary findings and fully elucidate GE's therapeutic potential.