Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 7, 2026

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
08:04

Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation

Published on: July 9, 2014

14.5K

Efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis among infants with congenital heart disease: A case control study

Abdullah Ozyurt1, Nazmi Narin1, Ali Baykan1

  • 1Departments of Pediatric Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|August 27, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Palivizumab prophylaxis significantly reduced lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) and hospitalizations in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). This protective effect highlights its importance for vulnerable pediatric populations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Palivizumab prophylaxis is known to decrease RSV-related hospital admissions in children with symptomatic cardiac disease.
  • Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk for severe respiratory infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of palivizumab prophylaxis in preventing lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among infants with CHD in Turkey.
  • To compare LRTI rates and hospitalization in infants with CHD who received palivizumab versus those who did not.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective case-control study involving 91 infants with CHD receiving palivizumab and 96 infants with CHD not receiving prophylaxis.
  • Data collected included patient characteristics, household environment, and incidence of LRTIs.

Main Results:

  • Infants without palivizumab prophylaxis had significantly higher rates of overall LRTIs, complicated LRTIs, LRTI-related hospitalizations, and ICU admissions.
  • Factors associated with LRTI-related hospitalization included low weight percentile and chromosome abnormalities in the prophylaxis group, and sibling presence and congestive heart failure in the control group.

Conclusions:

  • Palivizumab prophylaxis demonstrated a significant reduction in overall and complicated LRTIs, as well as hospitalizations and ICU admissions in infants with CHD.
  • These findings support the use of palivizumab for preventing respiratory infections in this high-risk pediatric population.
Abstract

Keywords:
RSVclinical trialscongenital heart diseasehospitalizationlower respiratory tract infectionspalivizumab prophylaxisrisk factors

More Related Videos

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels05:31

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Published on: August 7, 2017

9.6K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Diagnostic Strategies and Biomarker Development for Comprehensive Lung Function Analysis05:56

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Diagnostic Strategies and Biomarker Development for Comprehensive Lung Function Analysis

Published on: August 9, 2024

2.7K

Related Concept Videos

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...