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Aging and cardiovascular diseases: the role of gene-diet interactions

Dolores Corella1, José M Ordovás2

  • 1Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Ageing Research Reviews
|August 28, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Focusing on healthy aging, this review explores genetic and epigenomic factors influencing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and longevity. The APOE gene is a key exception, linking both aging and CVD risk.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Epigenomics
  • Longevity Research
  • Cardiovascular Disease Etiology

Background:

  • Healthy aging is prioritized over lifespan, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as primary age-related conditions.
  • CVDs are complex, influenced by genetic and environmental factors, with many associated gene variants identified.
  • Despite the aging-CVD link, longevity gene studies lack consistent results, with limited overlap except for the APOE gene.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review genomic and epigenomic factors contributing to healthy aging and longevity.
  • To explore the role of the APOE gene in both longevity and cardiovascular disease.
  • To examine gene-diet interactions relevant to aging and disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of genomic and epigenomic studies on longevity and CVD.
  • Analysis of gene variants associated with longevity and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Investigation of gene-diet interactions, including specific gene examples like TCF7L2.

Main Results:

  • The APOE gene is a significant exception, identified as relevant in both longevity and CVD.
  • Consistent results in longevity gene studies are lacking, with minimal overlap with CVD-related genes.
  • Gene-diet interactions, such as with TCF7L2, play a crucial role.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic and epigenomic factors, particularly APOE, are critical in understanding the interplay between aging, longevity, and cardiovascular health.
  • Further research into gene-diet interactions is essential for promoting healthy aging and reducing CVD incidence.
  • A comprehensive understanding of genetic and environmental influences is necessary to define and achieve healthy lifespan.

Keywords:
AgingCardiovascular diseasesDietEpigenomeGenomeNutrigenetics

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