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Characterizing nonclassical correlations via local quantum uncertainty.

Davide Girolami1, Tommaso Tufarelli2, Gerardo Adesso1

  • 1School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.

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|August 29, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum mechanics imposes an intrinsic uncertainty on single observable measurements in certain systems. This quantum uncertainty, termed discord, quantifies nonclassical correlations and ensures minimum precision in quantum metrology.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Foundations
  • Quantum Metrology

Background:

  • Quantum mechanics posits a minimum uncertainty for incompatible observables.
  • Previously, single observables could theoretically be measured with arbitrary precision.
  • This work explores intrinsic quantum uncertainty in specific physical scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the inevitability of intrinsic quantum uncertainty for single observables.
  • To establish these uncertainties as bona fide measures of nonclassical correlations (discord).
  • To investigate the role of discord in quantum metrology, specifically phase estimation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of local observables in bipartite quantum systems.
  • Derivation of a unique discord measure for 2 × d systems.
  • Quantification of precision in phase estimation using quantum Fisher information.

Main Results:

  • Intrinsic quantum uncertainty is unavoidable for single observables in specific quantum systems.
  • This uncertainty defines a class of nonclassical correlations, termed discord.
  • A unique discord measure for 2 × d systems was derived.
  • Discord in bipartite mixed probe states guarantees minimum precision in phase estimation.

Conclusions:

  • Intrinsic quantum uncertainty is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, not just a limitation of measurement apparatus.
  • Discord serves as a robust indicator of nonclassical correlations with practical implications.
  • Discord is a valuable resource for enhancing precision in quantum metrology protocols like phase estimation.