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Magnetically defined qubits on 3D topological insulators.

Gerson J Ferreira1, Daniel Loss1

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We demonstrate confining topological insulator surface states into quantum structures using magnetic domain heterostructures. This enables quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) states for potential quantum computing qubits.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Information Science

Background:

  • 3D topological insulators possess unique surface states with potential applications.
  • Time-reversal symmetry breaking is crucial for phenomena like the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE).
  • Confining these states into quantum wires and dots is challenging due to spurious surface states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore potentials for confining 3D topological insulator surface states into quantum wires and dots.
  • To investigate magnetic domain heterostructures as a means to achieve this confinement.
  • To identify potential applications of the confined states, particularly for quantum computing.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical exploration of potentials that break time-reversal symmetry.
  • Modeling of magnetic domain walls and heterostructures on ferromagnet insulator cap layers.
  • Analysis of interfacial and extended states within these heterostructures.

Main Results:

  • Confinement of surface states into quantum wires and dots is achieved using magnetic domain heterostructures.
  • Interfacial states exhibiting QAHE are found at domain walls.
  • Extended states are observed within the inner magnetic domain.
  • Isolation of quantum wires and dots from circumventing surface states is demonstrated.
  • Highly spin-polarized quantized QAHE states at quantum dot edges are identified.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetic domain heterostructures offer a viable geometry for confining 3D topological insulator surface states.
  • The identified QAHE states in quantum dots are promising candidates for robust quantum computing qubits.
  • This approach provides a pathway to engineer topological quantum devices.