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Extracting quantum work statistics and fluctuation theorems by single-qubit interferometry.

R Dorner1, S R Clark2, L Heaney3

  • 1Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom and Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.

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|August 29, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We present a method to test quantum fluctuation relations using Ramsey interferometry. This technique allows characterizing nonequilibrium processes in various quantum systems with current technology.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Statistical mechanics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Quantum systems can exist in nonequilibrium states, deviating from thermal equilibrium.
  • Understanding these nonequilibrium dynamics is crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Quantum fluctuation relations provide fundamental insights into energy exchange in driven systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a practical experimental scheme for verifying quantum nonequilibrium fluctuation relations.
  • To demonstrate a method for characterizing work distributions in driven quantum systems.
  • To enable the study of nonequilibrium dynamics across diverse quantum platforms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Ramsey interferometry on a single probe qubit to extract information.
  • Applying the technique to a general quantum system undergoing a nonequilibrium quench.
  • Implementing the scheme with a trapped ion system and its internal pseudospin as the probe.

Main Results:

  • The characteristic function of the work distribution can be experimentally extracted.
  • The proposed scheme is compatible with current experimental technologies.
  • The method is applicable to a wide range of quantum systems.

Conclusions:

  • The developed experimental scheme provides a feasible route to verify quantum nonequilibrium fluctuation relations.
  • This work facilitates the full characterization of nonequilibrium processes in quantum systems.
  • The approach offers a versatile tool for exploring quantum thermodynamics and dynamics.