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Asymmetric three-dimensional topography over mantle plumes
11] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7193, Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris (iSTeP), F-75005 Paris, France [2] CNRS, UMR 7193, Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris (iSTeP), F-75005 Paris, France.
Nature
|September 5, 2014
Summary
Mantle plumes create complex, asymmetric topography on continents, challenging the idea of smooth, radial patterns. Continental structure and stresses significantly influence dynamic topography and rifting above mantle upwellings.
Area of Science:
- Geodynamics
- Tectonics
- Geomorphology
Background:
- Mantle-lithosphere interactions are crucial for surface topography.
- Mantle plumes typically form axisymmetric topography, contrasting with short-wavelength tectonic topography.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate mantle-lithosphere interactions and their impact on continental topography.
- To challenge existing models of mantle plume-induced topography.
Main Methods:
- Ultra-high-resolution, three-dimensional numerical modeling.
- Incorporation of a rheologically realistic, weakly pre-stressed lithosphere.
Main Results:
- Surface evolution shows complex, asymmetric, small-scale 3D features.
- Observed features include narrow/wide rifts, flexural uplifts, and fault structures.
- Results differ significantly from smooth, radially symmetric patterns.
Conclusions:
- Continental rheological structure and intraplate stresses dominate dynamic topography.
- These factors control mantle-lithosphere interactions and continental breakup above plumes.
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