Maxillary melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Oncology
• Oral Pathology
• Developmental Biology

Background:

• Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare neural crest tumor.
• It predominantly affects the anterior maxilla in infants under one year old.
• MNTI presents as a rapidly growing, painless, pigmented mass.

Observation:

• The case involves a 3-month-old boy with a loose primary maxillary incisor.
• This symptom prompted investigation into a potential MNTI.
• Clinical and pathological features were assessed.

Findings:

• MNTI is typically benign and treated with local excision.
• Recurrence rates are significant, particularly in the maxilla (57%).
• Malignant transformation occurs in approximately 6.5% of cases.

Implications:

• Timely diagnosis and prompt surgical management are crucial for MNTI.
• Understanding MNTI's behavior aids in predicting recurrence and malignant potential.
• This case highlights the importance of recognizing subtle signs like loose teeth in infants.