Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

3.3K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
3.3K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

6.1K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.1K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

7.0K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.0K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

4.9K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.9K
Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

5.0K
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
5.0K
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

7.9K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparative Study of Plasticized Polyvinyl Alcohol and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Films for Pharmaceutical Applications: Mechanical, Thermal, Structural and Disintegration Properties.

Polymers·2026
Same author

Building the next frontier: Artificial intelligence in 3D-printed medicines.

Biomaterials translational·2026
Same author

Beeswax in Pharmaceutical Sciences: A Comprehensive Review of Its Chemical Composition, Functional Applications, Types, and Formulation Roles.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Metabolic reprogramming in head and neck cancer: therapeutic opportunities and challenges.

The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology·2026
Same author

Assembled fixed-dose combination tablet for hypertension: A modular design inspired by LEGO® architecture.

European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences·2026
Same author

mRNA-Based Therapeutics: Advances in Drug Delivery, Comparative Innovations, and Biomedical Applications.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Synthesis of Aptamer-PEI-g-PEG Modified Gold Nanoparticles Loaded with Doxorubicin for Targeted Drug Delivery
09:09

Synthesis of Aptamer-PEI-g-PEG Modified Gold Nanoparticles Loaded with Doxorubicin for Targeted Drug Delivery

Published on: June 23, 2020

5.6K

Nucleotropic doxorubicin nanoparticles decrease cancer cell viability, destroy mitochondria, induce autophagy and

Anna M Friedhuber1, Vijay Chandolu, Somkamon Manchun

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
|September 12, 2014
PubMed
Summary

A novel nanoparticle drug delivery system (DNP) significantly boosts doxorubicin

Keywords:
cancerdoxorubicinefficacynanoparticlenucleus

More Related Videos

Using In Vitro Live-cell Imaging to Explore Chemotherapeutics Delivered by Lipid-based Nanoparticles
10:26

Using In Vitro Live-cell Imaging to Explore Chemotherapeutics Delivered by Lipid-based Nanoparticles

Published on: November 1, 2017

10.6K
Sample Extraction and Simultaneous Chromatographic Quantitation of Doxorubicin and Mitomycin C Following Drug Combination Delivery in Nanoparticles to Tumor-bearing Mice
08:57

Sample Extraction and Simultaneous Chromatographic Quantitation of Doxorubicin and Mitomycin C Following Drug Combination Delivery in Nanoparticles to Tumor-bearing Mice

Published on: October 5, 2017

9.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Synthesis of Aptamer-PEI-g-PEG Modified Gold Nanoparticles Loaded with Doxorubicin for Targeted Drug Delivery
09:09

Synthesis of Aptamer-PEI-g-PEG Modified Gold Nanoparticles Loaded with Doxorubicin for Targeted Drug Delivery

Published on: June 23, 2020

5.6K
Using In Vitro Live-cell Imaging to Explore Chemotherapeutics Delivered by Lipid-based Nanoparticles
10:26

Using In Vitro Live-cell Imaging to Explore Chemotherapeutics Delivered by Lipid-based Nanoparticles

Published on: November 1, 2017

10.6K
Sample Extraction and Simultaneous Chromatographic Quantitation of Doxorubicin and Mitomycin C Following Drug Combination Delivery in Nanoparticles to Tumor-bearing Mice
08:57

Sample Extraction and Simultaneous Chromatographic Quantitation of Doxorubicin and Mitomycin C Following Drug Combination Delivery in Nanoparticles to Tumor-bearing Mice

Published on: October 5, 2017

9.8K

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Doxorubicin (Dox) is a vital chemotherapy drug for various cancers.
  • Significant side effects limit Doxorubicin's clinical use.
  • Developing advanced drug delivery systems (DDSs) for Doxorubicin is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel nucleotropic Doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticle (DNP) DDS.
  • To assess the DNP's efficacy in enhancing Doxorubicin's anti-cancer activity.
  • To investigate the DNP's mechanism of action and in vivo performance.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of Doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles (DNPs) using vortex-assisted complex coacervation.
  • In vitro evaluation of DNP's cell-inhibitory activity against human cancer cell lines.
  • In vivo assessment of DNP's anti-tumor efficacy in a mouse model of osteosarcoma.

Main Results:

  • DNPs demonstrated a 300-fold enhancement in cell-inhibitory activity against multiple cancer cell lines.
  • In vivo studies showed a 10-fold increase in efficacy against osteosarcoma.
  • DNPs localized to the endoplasmic reticulum, disrupted mitochondria, and entered the nucleus, inducing autophagy.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nucleotropic DNP DDS is a promising, cost-effective, and non-biohazardous approach.
  • DNPs significantly enhance Doxorubicin's delivery and anti-cancer activity.
  • This DDS holds potential for improved clinical application in treating various cancers.