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Sleep problems across development: a pathway to adolescent risk taking through working memory.

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  • 1Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, 4201 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA, 92697-7085, USA, aprilmt@uci.edu.

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Persistent sleep problems from infancy through adolescence can negatively impact cognitive development, leading to poorer working memory and increased risk-taking behaviors in later youth. Early sleep issues predict later problems, but adolescent sleep quality uniquely affects working memory and subsequent risky behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Public health

Background:

  • Problematic sleep can impair cognitive functions like working memory and increase risk-taking behaviors, especially in developing youth.
  • Sleep problems may have cascading effects throughout development, impacting cognitive and behavioral outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the continuity and change in sleep problems from ages 2 to 15.
  • To associate sleep problems with working memory deficits at age 15 and risk-taking behaviors at age 18.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from a large, national, longitudinal study (N=1,364).
  • Assessed sleep problems via parent-report, working memory through a behavioral task, and risk-taking behaviors via youth self-report.

Main Results:

  • Sleep problems showed continuity across developmental stages (infancy to adolescence).
  • Adolescent sleep problems, not earlier ones, were linked to poorer adolescent working memory.
  • Working memory deficits were associated with increased risk-taking behaviors in late adolescence.

Conclusions:

  • While early sleep problems indicate a risk for later sleep issues, adolescent sleep quality uniquely impacts cognitive function.
  • Adolescent working memory deficits, stemming from sleep problems, predict increased risk-taking behavior in late adolescence.