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Halitosis.

Crispian Scully1

  • 1UCL - Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.

BMJ Clinical Evidence
|September 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Treatments for physiological halitosis, or bad breath without an underlying disease, were reviewed. Interventions like artificial saliva, tongue cleaning, mouthwash, sugar-free gum, and zinc toothpaste show potential benefits.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral Medicine
  • Evidence-Based Dentistry

Background:

  • Halitosis, or bad breath, often stems from oral or respiratory conditions.
  • A significant portion of halitosis cases (40%) lack identifiable organic causes, termed physiological halitosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the clinical effectiveness and safety of various treatments for physiological halitosis.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library) up to July 2013.
  • Included harms alerts from regulatory agencies (FDA, MHRA).
  • GRADE evaluation was used to assess the quality of evidence for interventions.

Main Results:

  • Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the review.
  • Evidence quality for different interventions was evaluated using the GRADE system.

Conclusions:

  • The review provides information on the effectiveness and safety of interventions for physiological halitosis.
  • Evaluated treatments include artificial saliva, tongue cleaning/scraping, mouthwash, sugar-free chewing gum, and zinc toothpastes.