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Related Concept Videos

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Author Spotlight: Anterior HR-OCT as a Non-Invasive Tool for Characterizing Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia
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Presumed ocular histoplasmosis.

Catherine Thuruthumaly1, David Chin Yee, Prabakar Kumar Rao

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|September 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Smoking is a key risk factor for choroidal neovascularization in ocular histoplasmosis. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy is the current standard treatment, offering improved outcomes for patients with presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Diseases
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Presumed Ocular Histoplasmosis Syndrome (POHS) can lead to vision loss.
  • Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a major cause of visual impairment in POHS.
  • Understanding risk factors and effective treatments for POHS-related CNV is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on risk factors for POHS-related CNV.
  • To evaluate available treatment options for POHS-related CNV.
  • To propose a treatment algorithm for managing POHS-induced CNV.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ocular histoplasmosis and CNV.
  • Analysis of risk factors, including genetic and environmental influences.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes for various therapeutic modalities.

Main Results:

  • Smoking is identified as a significant risk factor for CNV development.
  • Genetic risk factors for age-related macular degeneration are not associated with POHS-CNV.
  • Treatment has shifted from surgery and laser photocoagulation to anti-VEGF therapy.

Conclusions:

  • POHS can cause severe vision loss via foveal scarring or CNV.
  • Anti-VEGF therapy is the current gold standard for POHS-related CNV.
  • Photodynamic therapy may be considered as an adjunct for refractory cases.